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Public Expenditure & Procurement

The European Competitiveness Fund and the Reframing of Europe’s Security-Relevant Space Financing
EUSPA’s post-2027 role as an early signal of a shift from defence R&D to industrial-scale competitiveness
The EDIP Work Programme 2026–2027: Where the Money Becomes Operational and Where the Architecture Still Waits
What the first €1.5 billion implementation cycle changes for Europe’s defence industry
Joint Procurement under EDIP
Legal eligibility, demand-aggregation structures, participation thresholds, and the economic logic of EU-supported common procurement
SAFE’s Uneven Demand Signal
Poland, Finland, and Estonia show how the same EU financing instrument produces different procurement realities across the eastern and northern flanks.
Romania’s SAFE Allocation and the Reordering of European Defence Demand
What the first-wave €16.68 billion entitlement reveals about capability priorities, procurement constraints, and industrial positioning on NATO’s…
EDF 2025 Budget Allocation: Zero Air Defence, €192 Million for Ground Combat
A document-based analysis of why Air and Missile Defence remains unfunded in EDF 2025 and what Ground Combat’s dominant allocation reveals about…
AGILE and the Structural Gap in European Defence Innovation Finance
Why high-TRL European defence start-ups remain underserved by existing funding mechanisms—and what AGILE reveals about the system’s redesign
€343 Billion and Still Fragmented?
What the EDA Defence Data 2024–2025 Report Reveals About the Internal Structure of European Defence Spending
The Defence Readiness Roadmap 2030: Capability Targets, Industrial Milestones, and the Procurement Signals Defining European Defence Demand
From strategic doctrine to executable demand: how the EU’s readiness architecture translates capability gaps into procurement pipelines, industrial…
The Procurement Gap: Structural Misalignment Between Defence Innovation and Procurement Allocation in Europe
Why European defence procurement continues to concentrate capital in incumbent suppliers while battlefield-relevant technologies increasingly originate…
Procurement Lock-Out in European Defence: Mechanisms, Capability Costs, and Capital Effects
How procurement architecture, not only market concentration, determines which firms can access defence contracts, scale capabilities, and become…
Rewriting the Rules of European Defence Procurement
How EDIP and SAFE Are Reshaping the Legal Interaction Between EU Defence Industrial Policy and Directive 2009/81/EC
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