Space Domain Awareness Networks

Space domain awareness has become a structural requirement for deterrence, defence planning, and crisis management within the Euro-Atlantic security architecture. The growing density of orbital activity, the diffusion of counterspace capabilities, and the integration of space-enabled services into military and civilian systems have exposed a persistent vulnerability: the absence of a resilient, interoperable network capable of delivering shared, decision-grade understanding under contested conditions. This article examines the operational rationale, institutional anchoring within NATO and the European Union, and the technological and industrial constraints that shape the development of “Space Domain Awareness Networks” as an integrated capability rather than a technical adjunct.