From National SAFE Plans to a European Defence-Finance Execution Cycle

How the first SAFE endorsements under Regulation (EU) 2025/1106 turn Readiness 2030 into a time-bound demand signal for industry and investors.

The European Union is entering a phase in which the decisive variable for defence-industrial outcomes is no longer the density of strategic declarations, but the operational credibility of the financing architecture that sits behind them: whether EU-level instruments can provide low-cost, time-bound liquidity that Member States can absorb quickly, trans…