Beyond equity and debt markets, innovative financing mechanisms are being deployed to mobilize capital for defence and security needs
One notable example is the NATO Innovation Fund (NIF), a €1 billion multi-sovereign venture fund launched in 2023 – while funded by governments, it operates by investing in private venture funds and startups, thereby crowding in additional private venture capital for defence tech. By February 2025, the NIF had made its first investments in four deep-tec…